What is a Female Cow Called?

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026, 17:24 IST

Do you know what a female cow is called? In everyday conversation, we mostly say ‘It is a cow’ for a female cow, but is that correct? Is she just a ‘cow’, or is there some other technical vocabulary for a female cow? If you don’t know, then discover a new name for the female cow.

What is a Female Cow Called?
What is a Female Cow Called?

Key Points

  • A female cow is called a 'heifer' before having her first calf.
  • The term 'cow' is used only after a female has given birth.
  • Cows have 360-degree vision and can smell things 6 miles away.

There are so many amazing animals in the world, and each one plays an important part in nature. We sometimes give them fun nicknames that match their habits. 

For example, people call the cheetah the fastest runner, and the owl is known as the wise bird of the night. Animals can be found everywhere, from the deep ocean to green forests.

Have you ever wondered about the exact names for the animals we see on farms? For example, do you know what a female cow is really called? 

Many people use a common word, but there is a more precise name. In this article, we will explore the correct term for these gentle animals and see how they are different from others.

ALSO READ| What is a Male Cow Called?

What Is A Female Cow Called?

Dairy cattle breeds | Milk Production, Domestication, List, & Facts |  Britannica

Source: Britannica

A female cow's name changes as she grows and reaches different milestones. As a baby, she is called a heifer calf. When she is older but has not had a baby, she is known as a heifer.

The term 'cow' is reserved for a female that has given birth to at least one calf. If she is expecting a baby, farmers often call her a bred heifer or a pregnant cow.

In a Nutshell: Difference between Male Cow and Female Cow

Stage of Life Female Name Male Name
Newborn / Baby Heifer Calf Bull Calf
Young (Under 2 years) Heifer Bullock / Steer
Adult (Ready to Breed) Cow (after first calf) Bull
Castrated Male N/A Steer
Trained for Work Working Cow (rare) Ox
Pregnant Bred Heifer / Cow N/A

Key Differences at a Glance

  • The Big Rule: A female is only technically a "Cow" after she has her first baby. Before that, she is a Heifer.
  • The Male Rule: A Bull can father calves, while a Steer cannot.
  • The Job Rule: Any male trained to pull a plough or wagon is called an Ox, regardless of its breed.

IN CASE YOU MISSED| What is a Female Deer Called?

Did You Know?'

img.freepik.com/free-photo/portrait-beautiful-brow...

Source: Freepik

Here are some fun and surprising facts about cows:

  • Cows can smell things up to 6 miles away. This helps them find fresh grass and detect potential danger long before they see it.
  • Because their eyes are on the sides of their heads, cows have 360-degree panoramic vision. They can see almost everything around them without moving their heads!
  • Research shows that cows are very social. They actually have "best friends" within their herd and can get stressed if they are separated from them.
  • Cows only have bottom teeth in the front of their mouths. Instead of top teeth, they have a tough skin pad called a "dental pad" to help them grind grass.
  • A cow can easily walk up a flight of stairs, but their knees don't bend the right way to walk back down. So, don't lead a cow upstairs unless you have an elevator.

Conclusion

To sum up, naming a female cow is more complicated than it looks. The name changes based on her age and if she has had a calf. From young heifer calves to adult cows, these animals are important on farms everywhere.

By learning these terms, we can better understand and appreciate the animals that give us so much. Next time you see a herd in a field, you'll know what to call them.

WHAT'S NEXT| What is a Group of Cows Called? (Hint: It's not Always Herd!)

Kriti Barua
Kriti Barua

Executive Content Writer

Kriti Barua is a skilled content writer with 4+ years of experience in creating clear, engaging, and informative content. She began her writing journey as a Creative Writer Intern at Wordloom Ventures. She holds a BA degree from Delhi University and has completed a one-year diploma in TV Production and Journalism, which adds depth to her research and reporting style.

Kriti has worked across brand writing, marketing content, and digital media, building strong expertise in articles that connect with readers and perform well online. At Jagran New Media, she writes for the GK section, covering national news, international stories, and query-based articles that answer what people actively search for. Her work focuses on easy language, reliable information, strong keywords, and reader-friendly storytelling, making her content both helpful and search-friendly.

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