Which River Is Called the National River of India?

For centuries, this river has quietly shaped civilisation, culture and belief systems across the Indian subcontinent. Flowing from the mountains to the plains, it has been a witness to history, faith, and daily life. Its identity goes beyond geography, raising curiosity about why this river holds a special national status. Keep reading to know more about the national river.

Why Is This River Called the National River of India?

The Ganga River is called the National River of India because of its unmatched cultural, historical, economic and spiritual importance. It is called the National River of India because it supports agriculture, drinking water supply, transportation and livelihoods for millions of people. The river is deeply connected to Indian culture and is revered as sacred in many traditions, making it nationally significant beyond its physical presence.

Ganga Overview

When Was the River Declared the National River of India?

The Ganga river was officially declared the National River of India in 2008 by the Government of India. This declaration aimed to highlight its importance and strengthen efforts for conservation, protection and pollution control.

Where Does the Ganga River Originate?

The river originates from the Gangotri Glacier in Uttarakhand. In its initial stretch, it is known as the Bhagirathi before merging with the Alaknanda at Devprayag, after which it flows under its well-known name.

What Is the Total Length of the Ganga?

The river is approximately 2,525 kilometres long, making it the longest river in India. It flows through several states and forms one of the most fertile river basins in the world.

Which States Does the Ganga Flow Through?

The river flows through Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal. It finally enters Bangladesh, where it merges with other rivers before draining into the Bay of Bengal.

Why Is the River Ganga So Important?

The river plays a vital role in irrigating the Indo-Gangetic plains, which are among the most productive agricultural regions in the country. It also supports fisheries, inland waterways, tourism and cultural activities across northern India.

What Are the Major Tributaries of Ganga?

The major tributaries include the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi and Son rivers. These tributaries significantly contribute to water flow, sediment deposits and agricultural fertility.

How is the Ganga River So Clean?

According to research, the Ganga River has inherent self-purification properties, particularly due to Bacteriophage controlling bacteria, and improved during the COVID lockdown due to reduced industrial/human waste, indicating potential for rejuvenation through better flow and sewage treatment.  

Interesting Facts About River Ganga

Spiritual Significance

The river is considered sacred and worshipped by millions of people. It is central to religious rituals, festivals, and pilgrimages.

Supports a Large Population

Over 400 million people live in the river basin. Many major cities depend on it for water and food production.

Rich Biodiversity

The river is home to rare species like the Gangetic river dolphin. It supports a complex and diverse aquatic ecosystem.

Economic Lifeline

The river supports irrigation, transport, fishing, and tourism. It plays a major role in sustaining regional economies.

Focus of National Conservation Efforts

Several large-scale programmes focus on cleaning and rejuvenating the river. These efforts aim to restore its ecological health and water quality.

Read more: Which River Is Called the Rocky River of India?

This river Ganga is called the National River of India due to its extraordinary cultural, ecological and economic importance. Keep reading for more such topics.