CBSE Class 12 Geography Exam Pattern and Marking Scheme 2025-26: The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) will conduct the Class 12 Geography examination in 2026 based on a clear, structured pattern that assesses both theoretical understanding and practical skills. The total subject marks are divided into a 70-mark Theory paper and a 30-mark Practical Assessment, reflecting the dual nature of the subject.
The 70-mark theory paper is equally distributed, with 35 marks allocated to Fundamentals of Human Geography and 35 marks to India: People and Economy. The question paper includes various formats, such as Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs), Source-Based Questions, Short Answer, Long Answer, and Map-Based Questions, emphasizing competency-based learning and the application of geographical concepts. Students must thoroughly familiarize themselves with the unit-wise weightage and the specific breakdown of question types to strategically plan their study and maximize their scores in the final board examination.
CBSE Class 12 Exam Pattern 2026: Key Highlights
Check the below table to get the key pointers of CBSE Class 12 Exam Pattern:
| Board | Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) |
| Class | 12 |
| Streams | Science, Commerce, Arts/Humanities |
| Question Paper Pattern |
|
| Duration | 3 hours |
| Mode of Exam | Offline, Pen and Paper |
| Number of subjects | 5 or 6 (as elected by the student) |
| Maximum Marks | 100 (theory + practical)
|
| Each Subject Passing Marks | 33% |
| Passing marks for the overall exam | Aggregate 33% |
| Official Website |
CBSE Class 12 Geography: Chapter-Wise Exam Pattern & Marking Scheme
The table outlines the CBSE 12th Geography exam pattern:
| Section | Question Number | Type of Question | Marks per Question |
| Section A | 1-17 | Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) | 1 mark |
| Section B | 18-19 | Source-based Questions | 3 marks |
| Section C | 20-23 | Short Answer Type Questions | 3 marks |
| Section D | 24-28 | Long Answer Type Questions | 5 marks |
| Section E | 29-30 | Map-based Questions | 5 marks |
CBSE Class 12 Geography Exam Pattern 2026: Unit-wise Marks distribution
The following table mentions the weightage distribution across various themes of CBSE Class 12 Geography curriculum for the upcoming board exam:
Units | Weightage |
Book 1- Fundamentals of Human Geography | |
| Human Geography | 3 |
| The World Population Density Distribution and Growth and Human Development | 8 |
| Primary Activities, Secondary Activities, Tertiary and Quaternary Activities, Transport, Communication and Trade, International Trade | 19 |
| Map work | 5 |
Book 2 -India People and Economy | |
| Population Distribution Density Growth and Composition | 5 |
| Human Settlements | 3 |
| Land Resources and Agriculture, Water Resources, Mineral And Energy Resources, Planning and Sustainable Development in Indian Context | 10 |
| Transport and Communication, International Trade | 7 |
| Geographical Perspective on selected issues and problems | 5 |
| Map Work (Based on Marking and labelling on a political Map of India | 5 |
| Grand Total | 70 |
Weightage Distribution for Geography Practical
| Chapter No. | Chapter Name | Weightage |
| 1 | Data-its source and Compilation | 18 |
| 2 | Data Processing | |
| 3 | Graphical Representation of Data | |
| 4 | Spatial Information Technology | 7 |
| Practical Record Book and Viva Voce | 5 | |
| Total | 30 | |
A thorough understanding of the CBSE Class 12 Geography Exam Pattern and the precise unit-wise weightage for 2026 is the foundation of a winning study strategy. By focusing preparation time on the high-weightage units, practice to the increased percentage of Competency-Based Questions, students can ensure they cover the syllabus effectively and are well-prepared for the final board examination.
Also Check:
CBSE Class 12 Physics Exam Pattern 2026
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